- Type
- essay
- Year
- 2021
- By
- Sam Altman
- Publisher
- Andreessen Horowitz
Sam Altman's essay extends Moore's Law—the observation that computing power doubles roughly every two years—beyond semiconductors to argue that exponential technological progress will eventually make most goods and services nearly free. The essay contends that as AI, robotics, and other technologies improve exponentially, the marginal cost of production approaches zero, fundamentally transforming economics and abundance.
Altman explores how this principle applies across domains: energy, food production, manufacturing, and services. He argues that technological deflation will eventually dominate, making scarcity obsolete and requiring new economic and social models. The essay became influential in tech discourse about AI-driven abundance and the future of work.
Last updated 31 August 2026